miRNA-7145-cuedc2 axis controls hematopoiesis through JAK1/STAT3 signaling pathway.

Hematopoiesis ensures tissue oxygenation, and remodeling as well as immune protection in vertebrates. During embryogenesis, hemangioblasts are the source of all blood cells. Gata1a and pu.1 are co-expressed in hemangioblasts before hemangioblasts are differentiated into blood cells. However, the genes that determine the differentiation of hemangioblasts into myeloid or erythroid cell lineages have not been fully uncovered. Here we showed that miRNA-7145, a miRNA with previously unknown function, was enriched in erythrocytes at the definitive wave, but not expressed in myeloid cells. Overexpression and loss-of-function analysis of miRNA-7145 revealed that miRNA-7145 functions as a strong inhibitor for myeloid progenitor cell differentiation while driving erythropoiesis during the primitive wave. Furthermore, we confirmed that cuedc2 is one of miRNA-7145 targeted-genes. Overexpression or knock-down of cuedc2 partially rescues the phenotype caused by miRNA-7145 overexpression or loss-of-function. As well, overexpression and loss-of-function analysis of cuedc2 showed that cuedc2 is required for myelopoiesis at the expense of erythropoiesis. Finally, we found that overexpression of zebrafish cuedc2 in 293 T cell inhibits the JAK1/STAT3 signaling pathway. Collectively, our results uncover a previously unknown miRNA-7145-cuedc2 axis, which regulate hematopoiesis through inhibiting the JAK1/STAT3 signaling pathway.

The factors affecting the performance of the tunnel wall drilling task and their priority.

Clarifying the relationship between the man-machine environment and its impact on the tunnel wall drilling task performance (TWDTP) is crucial for enhancing the task performance. Based on a questionnaire survey, indicators of the man-machine environment that affect the TWDTP were proposed in this study, and exploratory factor analysis and a structural equation model were employed to examine the potential factors influencing the task performance and their degrees of influence. By comparing the discrepancy between the perceived performance and importance, the satisfaction of potential factors was evaluated, and the priority order for optimizing these factors was determined by considering the degree of influence and dissatisfaction. The results of survey data analysis based on actual tunnel drilling operation scenarios indicated that tools had the greatest impact on the TWDTP, followed by the quality of the physical environment, while human factors had the least influence on the task performance. Convenient functional maintenance is the key to improving the TWDTP, along with enhancing the quality of the working environment. Once these main aspects are optimized, it is important to consider additional factors such as availability of spare tools, efficient personnel organization, man-tool matching, and safety and health assurance. This research approach provides significant guidance in understanding the relationships between the man-machine environmental factors affecting the performance of complex engineering tasks and identifying key influencing factors, thus providing essential insights for optimizing the TWDTP.

Electrochemical Deposition and Etching of Quasi-Two-Dimensional Periodic Membrane Structure.

In this paper, two experimental procedures are reported, namely electro-deposition in the ultrathin liquid layer and chemical micro-etching. Firstly, a large area quasi-two-dimensional periodic membrane with adjustable density is deposited on a Si substrate driven by half-sinusoidal voltage, which is composed of raised ridges and a membrane between the ridges. The smaller the voltage frequency is, the larger the ridge distance is. The height of a raised ridge changes synchronously with the amplitude. The grain density distribution of membrane and raised ridge is uneven; the two structures change alternately, which is closely related to the change of growth voltage and copper ion concentration during deposition. The structural characteristics of membrane provide favorable conditions for micro-etching; stable etching speed and microscope real-time monitoring are the keys to achieve accurate etching. In the chemical micro-etching process, the membrane between ridges is removed, retaining the raised ridges, thus a large scale ordered micro-nano wires array with lateral growth was obtained. This method is simple and controllable, can be applied to a variety of substrates, and is the best choice for designing and preparing new functional materials. This experiment provides a basis for the extension of this method.

Influence and Clinical Significance of Knee Flexion Angle on the Anatomic Course of the Common Peroneal Nerve in the Posterolateral Corner of the Knee Joint.

Background: Detailed knowledge of the anatomic course of the common peroneal nerve (CPN) is crucial for the surgical treatment of the posterolateral corner (PLC) of the knee. Purpose: To investigate the relationship of the CPN to the PLC of the knee at different flexion angles. Study Design: Descriptive laboratory study. Methods: Ten healthy volunteers were recruited to undergo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the knee joint at knee flexion angles of 0°, 30°, 60°, 90°, and 120°. MRI scans at 3 levels (joint line, tibial cut, and fibular tip) were evaluated to determine (1) the distance from the CPN to the PLC and (2) the distances between the CPN and the anterior-posterior and medial-lateral tibial axes. A 3-dimensional model of the knee joint created from MRI scans of a single participant was used to simulate the creation of a fibular tunnel for PLC reconstruction and investigate the relationship between the CPN, fibular tunnel, and guide pin. Results: The CPN moved posteromedially with increased knee flexion angles. As the flexion angle increased, the distances from the CPN to the anterior-posterior axis and the PLC increased significantly, while the distance to the medial-lateral axis decreased significantly at all 3 measurement levels. The distances between the CPN and anterior-posterior and medial-lateral axes were significantly different among the different knee flexion angles at the different measurement levels. There were no significant differences in the mean distance from the CPN to the posterolateral border of the tibial plateau between 0° and 30° of flexion at the fibular tip level (P = .953). There were statistically significant differences in the distance from the CPN to the PLC of the tibial plateau at the different measurement levels. The 3-dimensional model demonstrated that the position of the CPN relative to the guide pin and the bone tunnel undergoes changes during knee flexion. Conclusion: Changes in the knee flexion angle produced corresponding changes in the course of the CPN on the posterolateral aspect of the knee joint. The CPN moved posteromedially with increased knee flexion angles. Clinical Relevance: Increasing the knee flexion angle during PLC reconstruction can effectively avoid direct injury of the CPN.

Three-dimensional gait analysis of orthopaedic common foot and ankle joint diseases.

Walking is an indispensable mode of transportation for human survival. Gait is a characteristic of walking. In the clinic, patients with different diseases exhibit different gait characteristics. Gait analysis describes the specific situation of human gait abnormalities by observing and studying the kinematics and dynamics of limbs and joints during human walking and depicting the corresponding geometric curves and values. In foot and ankle diseases, gait analysis can evaluate the degree and nature of gait abnormalities in patients and provide an important basis for the diagnosis of patients' diseases, the correction of abnormal gait and related treatment methods. This article reviews the relevant literature, expounds on the clinical consensus on gait, and summarizes the gait characteristics of patients with common ankle and foot diseases. Starting from the gait characteristics of individuals with different diseases, we hope to provide support and reference for the diagnosis, treatment and rehabilitation of clinically related diseases.

ATP ion channel P2X7 receptor as a regulatory molecule in the progression of colorectal cancer.

Large amounts of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), a natural P2X7 receptor activator, are released during colorectal carcinogenesis. P2X7 receptor activation regulates the activity of colorectal cancer (CRC) cells by mediating intracellular signal transduction. Importantly, the opening and activation of membrane pores of P2X7 receptor are different, which can play a dual role in promoting or inhibiting the progression of CRC. These can also depend on P2X7 receptor to regulate the activities of immune cells in the microenvironment, play the functions of immune regulation, immune escape and immune monitoring. While the use of P2X7 receptor antagonists (such as BBG, A438079 and A740003) can play a certain inhibitory pharmacological role on the activity of CRC. Therefore, in this paper, the mechanism and immunomodulatory function of P2X7 receptor involved in the progression of CRC were discussed. Moreover, we discussed the effect of antagonizing the activity of P2X7 receptor on the progression of CRC. So P2X7 receptor may be a new pharmacological molecular target for the treatment of CRC.

Progress in the application of dual-energy CT in pancreatic diseases.

Pancreatic diseases are difficult to diagnose due to their insidious onset and complex pathophysiological developmental characteristics. In recent years, dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) imaging technology has rapidly advanced. DECT can quantitatively extract and analyze medical imaging features and establish a correlation between these features and clinical results. This feature enables the adoption of more modern and accurate clinical diagnosis and treatment strategies for patients with pancreatic diseases so as to achieve the goal of non-invasive, low-cost, and personalized treatment. The purpose of this review is to elaborate on the application of DECT for the diagnosis, biological characterization, and prediction of the survival of patients with pancreatic diseases (including pancreatitis, pancreatic cancer, pancreatic cystic tumor, pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor, and pancreatic injury) and to summarize its current limitations and future research prospects.

Umbilical mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes promote spinal cord functional recovery through the miR-146b/TLR4 -mediated NF-κB p65 signaling pathway in rats.

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is an incurable central nervous system impairment that lack of efficient treatment. Exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are widely applied in disease treatment. This work aimed to determine the promising therapeutic effects of MSC-derived exosomal miRNA146b on SCI. A rat spinal cord injury (SCI) model and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced PC12 cell model were established. Exosomes were extracted from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMSCs). The identification of exosomes was performed by using transmission electronic microscope (TEM) and nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA). Hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining and TUNEL assay were performed to assess tissue damage and apoptosis, respectively. ELISA was performed to detect levels of inflammatory cytokines. Cell viability was checked by cell counting kit 8 (CCK-8). Gene expression and protein levels were detected by qPCR and western blotting assay. The interaction between miR-146 b and Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) was assessed by luciferase reporter gene assay. The hUCMSC-derived exosomes could notably alleviate the spinal cord injury and cell apoptosis. The exosomal miR-146 b treatment suppressed the release of IL-1 ß, IL-6, and TNFα. The miR-146 b suppressed the expression of TLR4, directly interact with the 3'-untranslated region (3'UTR) of TLR4, and inactivated the nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) signaling. The hUCMSCs-derived exosomal miR-146 b protects neurons from spinal cord injury through targeting the TLR4 and inactivating the NF-κB signaling. Our findings supported the application of hUCMSCs-derived exosomal miR-146 b for the protection of SCI.

Chitosan biomaterial enhances the effect of OECs on the inhibition of sciatic nerve injury-induced neuropathic pain.

Neuropathic pain is a common symptom experienced by most clinical diseases at different levels, and its treatment has always been a clinical difficulty. Therefore, it is particularly important to explore new and effective treatment methods. The role of olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) in nerve injury and pain is recognized by different studies. Our previous study found that transplantation of OECs alleviated hyperalgesia in rats. However, single-cell transplantation lacks medium adhesion and support, and exerts limited analgesic effect. Therefore, on the basis of the previous study, this study investigated the effect of pain relief by co-transplanting OECs with chitosan (CS) (a biological tissue engineering material, as OECs were transplanted into the host medium) to the injured sciatic nerve. The results showed that the pain threshold of sciatic nerve injury of rats was significantly reduced, and the expression level of P2×4 receptor in the spinal cord was significantly increased. While olfactory ensheathing cells combined with chitosan (OECs+CS) transplantation could significantly relieve pain, and the analgesic effect was stronger than that of OECs transplantation alone. OECs+CS transplantation promoted the formation of sciatic nerve remyelination, improved the changes of demyelination, and promoted the repair of sciatic nerve injury more significantly. In addition, the effect of OECs+CS to down-regulate the expression of P2×4 receptor was significantly stronger than that of OECs transplantation, and exerted a better analgesic effect. These data reveal that OECs+CS have a better analgesic effect in relieving neuropathic pain induced by sciatic nerve injury, and provide a new therapeutic strategy for pain treatment.

A retrospective study of the clinical characteristics of 9 children with pulmonary embolism associated with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to analyze the clinical characteristics and treatment of children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP) who also present with pulmonary embolism (PE). METHODS: This retrospective analysis examined the demographic data, clinical manifestations, laboratory tests, imaging characteristics, therapy, and prognosis of nine cases of children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP) complicated by pulmonary embolism (PE). The study focused on patients admitted to the respiratory department of Tianjin Children's Hospital between January 2018 and December 2021. RESULTS: The age range of the patients was 3 to 8 years old, with a median age of 7.5 years. The median number of days from pulmonary infection to the diagnosis of embolism was 14 days. All patients had refractory Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (RMPP). Among them, three patients reported chest pain, one of whom had hemoptysis, while five patients had dyspnea, and six patients experienced radiating pain at unusual sites. Five out of the nine children tested positive for lupus anticoagulant (LA), five for anticardiolipin antibody (ACA), three for anti-2-glycoprotein antibody IgM, four for reduced protein S or protein C activity, and three for elevated coagulation factor VIII. Moreover, six out of the nine children tested positive for antinuclear antibodies. All the children underwent CT pulmonary angiograms, which revealed filling defects. After sequential low-molecular heparin anticoagulation with rivaroxaban, nine children in this study showed a good prognosis, with two of them receiving thrombolytic therapy for combined cardiac embolism. Follow-up at 0.5-9 months showed the gradual resolution of the emboli in all 9 children, with no thrombotic recurrences and normalized autoantibodies and thrombophilia markers. CONCLUSIONS: The majority of cases involving Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP) combined with pulmonary embolism (PE) were diagnosed with refractory MPP (RMPP). However, PE did not always occur in the advanced stages of the disease. Most patients presented with transient autoantibody positivity, abnormal coagulation, and fibrinolytic balance. With timely treatment, the prognosis of MPP combined with PE is generally good. Additionally, rivaroxaban treatment has been shown to be safe and effective.

Etiology and clinical features of children with bronchiectasis in China: A 10-year multicenter retrospective study.

INTRODUCTION: The current study aims to investigate the etiology spectrum and the clinical characteristics of bronchiectasis in Chinese children. METHODS: The study is designed as a multicenter retrospective study. 193 cases were enrolled in 13 centers in China between 2008 and 2017. The inclusive cases must meet the clinical as well as the HRCT criteria. Only if both two radiologists confirmed the diagnosis, the case could be enrolled. The cases that could not provide clinical and imageology data were excluded. The data were entered into the specialized system and then analyzed. RESULTS: One hundred sixty-nine cases (87%) were found to have the underlying etiology. Post-infective (46%), primary immunodeficiency (14%), and PCD (13%) were the common causes. All cases came from 28 provinces in Mainland China. The median age of symptom onset was 5.8 (2.0, 8.9) years. The median age of diagnosis was 8.4 (4.5, 11.6) years. The main symptoms were cough, sputum expectoration, and fever during the exacerbation. Nineteen percent of patients suffered from limited exercise tolerance. Clubbing was found in 17% of cases. Nearly 30% of patients presented growth limitations. On the HRCT findings, 126 cases had diffused bronchiectasis, and bilateral involvement was found in 94 cases. The lower lobes and right middle lobes were most commonly involved. Approximately 30% of cultures of sputum and bronchoalveolar lavage were positive. CONCLUSION: A majority of cases could be found the underlying etiology. Post-infective, primary immunodeficiency, and PCD were the most common causes. Some clinical figures might indicate a specific etiology.

Application strategy of finite element analysis in artificial knee arthroplasty.

Artificial knee arthroplasty, as the most effective method for the treatment of end-stage joint diseases such as knee osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis, is widely used in the field of joint surgery. At present, Finite element analysis (FEA) has been widely used in artificial knee replacement biomechanical research. This review presents the current hotspots for the application of FEA in the field of artificial knee replacement by reviewing the existing research literature and, by comparison, summarizes guidance and recommendations for artificial knee replacement surgery. We believe that lower contact stress can produce less wear and complications when components move against each other, in the process of total knee arthroplasty (TKA), mobile-bearing prostheses reduce the contact surface stress of the tibial-femoral joint compared with fixed-bearing prostheses, thus reducing the wear of the polyethylene insert. Compared with mechanical alignment, kinematic alignment reduces the maximum stress and maximum strain of the femoral component and polyethylene insert in TKA, and the lower stress reduces the wear of the joint contact surface and prolongs the life of the prosthesis. In the unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA), the femoral and tibial components of mobile-bearing prostheses have better conformity, which can reduce the wear of the components, while local stress concentration caused by excessive overconformity of fixed-bearing prostheses should be avoided in UKA to prevent accelerated wear of the components, the mobile-bearing prosthesis maintained in the coronal position from 4° varus to 4° valgus and the fixed-bearing prosthesis implanted in the neutral position (0°) are recommended. In revision total knee arthroplasty (RTKA), the stem implant design should maintain the best balance between preserving bone and reducing stress around the prosthesis after implantation. Compared with cemented stems, cementless press-fit femoral stems show higher fretting, for tibial plateau bone defects, porous metal blocks are more effective in stress dispersion. Finally, compared with traditional mechanical research methods, FEA methods can yield relatively accurate simulations, which could compensate for the deficiencies of traditional mechanics in knee joint research. Thus, FEA has great potential for applications in the field of medicine.

Low level TGF-ß1-treated Umbilical mesenchymal stem cells attenuates microgliosis and neuropathic pain in chronic constriction injury by exosomes/lncRNA UCA1／miR-96-5p／FOXO3a.

Neuropathic pain is a chronic pain state that usually caused by injuries in peripheral or central nerve. Inhibition of spinal microglial response is a promising treatment of neuropathic pain caused by peripheral nerve injury. In recent years, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) that characterized with multipotent ability have been widely studied for disease treatment. TGF-ß1 is a well-known regulatory cytokine that participate in the response to cell stress and is closely correlated with the function of nerve system as well as MSC differentiation. This work aimed to determine the effects of exosomes that extracted from TGF-ß1-induced umbilical mesenchymal stem cells (hUCSMCs) on the neuropathic pain. In this work, we established a rat model of chronic constriction injury (CCI) of the sciatic nerve and LPS-induced microglia cell model. The hUCSMCs cell surface biomarker was identified by flow cytometry. Exosomes that extracted from TGF-ß1-treated hUCSMCs were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA) and used for treatment. We observed that TGF-ß1 upregulates the level of lncRNA UCA1 (UCA1) in hUCMSC-derived exosomes. Treatment with exosomal lncRNA UCA1 (UCA1) alleviated the neuropathic pain, microgliosis, and production of inflammatory mediator both in vivo and in vitro. UCA1 directly interact with the miR-96-5p, and the miR-96-5p acts as sponge of FOXO3a. Knockdown of UCA1 upregulated the level of miR-96-5p and downregulated the FOXO3a expression, which could be recovered by inhibition of miR-96-5p. In summary, the TGF-ß1-stimulated exosomal UCA1 from hUCMSCs alleviates the neuropathic pain and microgliosis. These findings may provide novel evidence for treatment of neuropathic pain caused by chronic constriction injury.

The Impact of mNGS Technology in the Etiological Diagnosis of Severe Pneumonia in Children During the Epidemic of COVID-19.

Purpose: Metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) is an emerging technique for pathogen detection. However, most literature on the clinical application of pediatrics generally comprises case reports or small-scale cohort studies. Patients and Methods: A total of 101 children with community-acquired severe pneumonia admitted to Tianjin Children's Hospital from November 2021 to February 2022 were included. Pathogens in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) specimens were detected using mNGS. The performances of mNGS and conventional tests on pulmonary infection diagnosis and pathogen identification were compared. Results: According to our data, mNGS had a broader spectrum for pathogen detection. The mNGS results of BALF showed that the number of children with severe pneumonia hospitalized for mycoplasma pneumoniae infection was more than that for other bacterial infections during the COVID-19 epidemic. In addition, 43 cases (42.6%) had been identified with mixed infection, including 36 cases (35.6%) of Mycoplasma pneumoniae mixed with other pathogenic bacteria. Analytically, the mNGS exhibited significantly enhanced detection in the BALF as compared with the conventional laboratory pathogenic detection approaches (P < 0.05). The Pearson correlation analysis revealed positive correlation between the time of fever during hospitalization and the number of mycoplasma sequences (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Compared with traditional methods, mNGS has a higher etiological detection rate and can comprehensively detect various pathogens of severe pneumonia. Therefore, mNGS of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid should be performed in children with severe pneumonia, which is of great significance for guiding treatment.

Development and validation of a nomogram for predicting severe respiratory syncytial virus-associated bronchiolitis.

BACKGROUND: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most common cause of bronchiolitis and is related to the severity of the disease. This study aimed to develop and validate a nomogram for predicting severe bronchiolitis in infants and young children with RSV infection. METHODS: A total of 325 children with RSV-associated bronchiolitis were enrolled, including 125 severe cases and 200 mild cases. A prediction model was built on 227 cases and validated on 98 cases, which were divided by random sampling in R software. Relevant clinical, laboratory and imaging data were collected. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to determine optimal predictors and to construct nomograms. The performance of the nomogram was evaluated by the area under the characteristic curve (AUC), calibration ability and decision curve analysis (DCA). RESULTS: There were 137 (60.4%) mild and 90 (39.6%) severe RSV-associated bronchiolitis cases in the training group (n = 227) and 63 (64.3%) mild and 35 (35.7%) severe cases in the validation group (n = 98). Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified 5 variables as significant predictive factors to construct the nomogram for predicting severe RSV-associated bronchiolitis, including preterm birth (OR = 3.80; 95% CI, 1.39-10.39; P = 0.009), weight at admission (OR = 0.76; 95% CI, 0.63-0.91; P = 0.003), breathing rate (OR = 1.11; 95% CI, 1.05-1.18; P = 0.001), lymphocyte percentage (OR = 0.97; 95% CI, 0.95-0.99; P = 0.001) and outpatient use of glucocorticoids (OR = 2.27; 95% CI, 1.05-4.9; P = 0.038). The AUC value of the nomogram was 0.784 (95% CI, 0.722-0.846) in the training set and 0.832 (95% CI, 0.741-0.923) in the validation set, which showed a good fit. The calibration plot and Hosmer‒Lemeshow test indicated that the predicted probability had good consistency with the actual probability both in the training group (P = 0.817) and validation group (P = 0.290). The DCA curve shows that the nomogram has good clinical value. CONCLUSION: A nomogram for predicting severe RSV-associated bronchiolitis in the early clinical stage was established and validated, which can help physicians identify severe RSV-associated bronchiolitis and then choose reasonable treatment.

Hypoxia-treated umbilical mesenchymal stem cell alleviates spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion injury in SCI by circular RNA circOXNAD1/ miR-29a-3p/ FOXO3a axis.

Spinal cord ischemia reperfusion (SCIR) injury leads to spinal cord function injury, neural dysfunction and sometimes paralysis or even paraplegia, which severely impair the physical and mental health of individuals. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a group of stem cells that have been widely studied for treatment of various diseases. This work aimed to study the therapeutic potential of hypoxia-induced exosomal circular RNA OXNAD1 from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (HucMSCs) against SCIR. We established an in vivo rat spinal cord injury (SCI) model and conducted treatment with exosomes that isolated from hypoxia-HucMSCs. Hypoxia-HucMSCs-derived exosomal circOXNAD1 alleviated the spinal cord tissue injury in SCI, improved limb motor function, decreased production of inflammatory factors including the IL-1 ß, IL-6, and TNF-α. The in vitro hypoxia and reoxygenation (H/R) model demonstrated that Hypoxia-HucMSCs-derived exosomal circOXNAD1 improved neuron proliferation and alleviated apoptosis. Mechanistically, circOXNAD1 directly interact with miR-29a-3p and miR-29a-3p targets the 3'UTR of FOXO3a in neurons. Inhibition of miR-29a-3p and overexpression of FOXO3a reversed the effects of circOXNAD1 depletion in PC12 cell phenotypes. In conclusion, Hypoxia elevated the level circOXNAD1 in exosomes that derived from HuMSCs. The exosomal circOXNAD1 alleviated SCI through sponging miR-29a-3p and consequently elevated the FOXO3a expression. Our findings provided novel evidence for MSC-derived exosomal circOXNAD1in the treatment of SCI.

Effect of MIPO combined with locking compression plate fixation on shoulder and elbow joint function and bone metabolic activity in adult patients with middle humeral shaft fracture.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the effect of minimally invasive percutaneous osteosynthesis (MIPO) combined with locking compression plate fixation on middle humeral shaft fracture in adults. METHODS: The clinical data of 88 adult patients with middle humeral shaft fracture treated in Xiang'an Hospital from August 2019 to August 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. According to different surgical methods, they were assigned into an anterograde group (treated with anterograde interlocking intramedullary nail fixation, N=42) and a joint group (treated with MIPO technique combined with locking compression plate fixation, N=46 cases). The perioperative indexes and complications were compared between the two groups. The changes of Constant-Murley shoulder joint function score, Mayo elbow joint function score, bone metabolic activity indexes [collagen hydroxyl terminal peptide (CTX), type I procollagen amino acid terminal peptide (PICP), osteoprotegerin (OPG), and osteocalcin (BGP)], and bone quality indexes [bone trabecular spacing (Tb.Sp), bone volume fraction (BV/TV), bone elastic stress (ES), bone trabecula number (Tb.N), and volume organic matter content (VOC)] were observed before and after the operation for 3 months. RESULTS: The fracture healing time and postoperative hospitalization time in the joint group were shorter than those in the anterograde group. The intraoperative blood loss was less than that in the anterograde group (P<0.05). Three months after the operation, the scores of the Constant-Murley and Mayo, Tb.N, VOC, and ES in the joint group were higher than those in the anterograde group. The Tb.Sp and BV/TV were lower than those in the anterograde group (P<0.05). The serum CTX level in the joint group was lower than that in the anterograde group. The levels of PICP, OPG, and BGP were higher than those in the anterograde group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the total incidence of complications between the joint group and the anterograde group (P>0.05). CONCLUSION: MIPO technique combined with locking compression plate fixation can promote the healing of middle humeral shaft fracture in adults, improve the function of the shoulder joint and the elbow joint, regulate the activity of bone metabolism, and improve bone quality, without significant increase in complications.

Hydrophilic Amino Groups Acted in the Hydrophobic Reaction Environment for Efficient Hydrogen Isotopes Enrichment.

Hydrogen isotope enrichment through liquid-phase catalytic exchange (LPCE) technology is achieved in a hydrophobic reaction environment to avoid liquid water poisoning, but the usage of hydrophobic support severely inhibits the internal diffusion of water molecules to decrease the catalytic efficiency. Herein, we encapsulate platinum active sites into a metal organic framework (Pt@NH2-UiO-66) as the efficient catalyst for LPCE via introducing hydrophilic amino groups. Experiments and density functional theory simulation reveal amino groups in the channel as the adsorption site of water molecules accelerates the internal diffusion and slows down the accumulation on the platinum sites. Meanwhile, the amino groups interact with the Pt site bridge electron transfer from active sites to support the host, thus decreasing the catalytic reaction and generated water desorption barrier. Due to these positive roles, the turnover frequency of Pt@NH2-UiO-66 reaches 2272 h-1 in a microchannel reactor. This work provides a novel design strategy of catalysts in LPCE.

Efficacy of mesenchymal stromal cells intraspinal transplantation for patients with different degrees of spinal cord injury: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND AIMS: Several studies have reported that mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) may improve neurological functions in patients with spinal cord injury (SCI). In this study, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to summarize the effects of MSC treatment on different degrees of severity of SCI. METHODS: Systematic searching of studies reporting outcomes of MSCs on specific injury severities of patients with SCI was performed in The National Library of Medicine (MEDLINE), Embase and Cochrane for published articles up to the 6 July 2022. Two investigators independently reviewed the included studies and extracted the relevant data. The standardized mean differences of American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) motor score, ASIA light touch scores, ASIA pinprick scores and the Barthel index between baseline and follow-ups were pooled. RESULTS: A total of eight studies were included. A large majority focused on patients with ASIA grade A classification. The pooled mean differences of ASIA motor scores, ASIA light touch scores, ASIA pinprick scores and the Barthel index were -2.78 (95% confidence interval [CI] -5.12 to -0.43, P = 0.02), -18.26 (95% CI -26.09 to -10.43, P < 0.01), -17.08 (95% CI -24.10 to -10.07, P < 0.01) and -4.37 (95% CI -10.96 to 2.22, P = 0.19), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: MSC transplantation was a significantly effective therapy for patients with SCI with ASIA grade A. In the future, further studies are warranted to confirm the potential beneficial effects of MSC therapy.